Wednesday, August 3, 2011

SCIENCE FORM 3 TRIAL 2011(ADVISE)

SCIENCE FORM 3
Form 3

log in to my fb at www.facebook.com/Cikgu.Lee for a last minute advice

Jumpa kamu di kelas pengenalan 2011 nanti!

Chap 1: Respiratory System
Focus on labelling of the human respiratory tract from nostrils till aveolous(rujuk nota kelas cikgu),process on inhaling(5 types of things i teach you),diseases causing lungs(Refer to my notes)
-they may ask you about hazards of smoking or campaign done by the authorities to combat smoking habbits in Malaysia-tak nak campaign?

Chap 2:Blood Circulatory and transport system
Focus on labelling on human heart,blood flow in and out of the heart,systemic and pulmonary circulation(Refer to my notes esp. the colouring i ask you to do)

Chap 3: Excretion
Focus on the labelling on human kidney,functions of kidney,BLOOD FLOW in and out of kidney

Chap 4: Reproduction
Focus everything ok!!!!! cikgu tahu kamu ini amat pandai topik ini he....he...he....

Chap 5: Growth
Focus on the GRAPH(Refer to my notes) between male and female on height and mass

Chap 6: Land and its Resources
Focus on the equation of how to produce metal oxide(Refer to my notes),metal sulphide(Refer to my notes) and metal carbonate(Refer to my notes),all about Calcium Carbonates and silicon(Refer to my notes)
-Finally they may ask you about the usage of Calcium(Refer to my notes) -just refer my notes will do...ok

Chap 7: Electricity
Just read up what i thought u since i started this chapter esp. difference between series and parallel circuit interms of current,voltage and resistance,dont forget how to test north/south in magnet,the right hand grip rule,drawing the mangnetic field,factors increasing the electromagetic power(Refer to my notes)

Chap 8:Generation of Electricity
Focus on the type of generators i jst thought u,formula for transformers(turn ratios) and finally calculation on electricity bill and these formulaes:
i)Power = energy/times
ii)Current= Power/voltage
iii)To calculate price of electric bills: use this formula
First you total up the energy used/given in the question
A. Energy=kWh e.g: 1.2kW x 3 hours x 30 days = 108 kWh
(Refer to my notes esp. the calculation i did with you)
Secondly you multiply what you get in A to the energy cost
B. Cost of energy consumptions= 108kWh x RM 0.20 = RM 21.60

Chap 9 Stars and Galaxies
This is an important topi they'll ask yearly.First you target the layer of the sun i.e begins with Corona,Chromosphere,photosphere..Then you understand others like Solar flares,solar wind,black spots/sun spots.
-Then you must remember 4 atoms of hydrogen fused to form 1 atom of helium that explode on the surface of the sun and this is called NUCLEAR FUSSION not fission(Refer to my notes)
-finally the death of a star the size of the sun/bigger than the sun becomming a neutron star/black hole(Refer to my notes)

Chap 10: Space Explorations
This chapter is important if you focuses on two aspect i.e the technology in space exploration and its benefits...(Refer to my notes) as for the history of space exploration(Refer to my notes) look at the pink highlight of important dates and its events taken place in that year i asked you to colour.....
-you should also know the difference between space probes,satelites,rockets ,space shuttles and space stations

note: refer to my classes notes.......intensive class CONCEPT MAP!!!!

Good luck to all of you! Chaiyok ! Chaiyok ! Chaiyok !

SCIENCE FORM 2 TRIAL 2011(ADVISE)

SCIENCE FORM 2
Form 2

log in to my fb at www.facebook.com/Cikgu.Lee for a last minute advice

Jumpa kamu di kelas pengenalan 2011 nanti!

Chap 1: World through our senses
Focus on labelling of the 5 important organs,refraction(focus on movement of light from denser to less denser and vice versa)(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
-remember if light move from less denser to denser it refracts away from normal line
-remember if light move from denser to less denser it refracts towards the normal line
-Eye: first you focus on characteristics of the eye then the defects of eye i.e -
i )short sightedness:can see near only,image short,eyeball too long,improve using concave lense(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
ii)lont sightedness:can see far only,image long,eyeball too short,improve using convex lense(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
-know difference between stereoscopic/monocular vision
-Ear: focus on characteristic of sound and then how echo can be reduced(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
-Plants stimuli: you focus on the types of stimuli i.e phototropism,geotropism,hydrotropism,thigmotropism and nastic movement(Refer to intensive class concept maps)

Chap 2: Nutrition
Focus on functions of each of the 7 classes of food,food pyramid's arrangement(be prepared to draw if asked),
-First you focus on importance of food to human(know at least 4)
-As for Vitamins and minerals you need to know all (sorry no shortcut here)-the types,sources,functions and deficiency diseases.....(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
-Secondly the food test ,REMEMBER!! GB(Glucose-Benedict's) and PM(Protein-Millon's)
-Factors determined a persons diet(know all 6 of them)(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
-also learn how to calculate Calorific value( 1 Calorie(Cal) = 4.2 joules(j)
-Finally the routes/path food follow from the mouth till anus,along the way you should focus where starch/protein/fats are digested and finally water are reabsorbed(in big intestine),what is enzymes called amylase,pepsin,renin,lipase functions:remember this
Starch - amylase - maltose - glucose
Proteins - protease - peptides/peptones - protease - amino acids
Fats - lipase - fatty acids & glycerol
(Refer to intensive class concept maps)

Chap 3: Biodiversity
Focus on the different of biodiversity:begins by learning focusing on the basic difference between vertebrates and invertebrates(REMEMBER that few Mammals special exclusive characteristics such as platypus-lay eggs,whales/dolphins-live in water,procupine-have thorns and bats-can fly(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
-VERTEBRATES:This is a chapter where they may ask you abou a creatures with given characteristics,they u are asked either to identify another species in the list or determined which animals/pairs of animals are grouped correctly
-INVERTEBRATES:This part you focus on the 2 types of invertebrates i.e with jointed legs and without jointed legs
With jointed legs(3 pairs-fly/cricket,4 pairs-scorpion/spider,more than 4 pairs-centipede/prawn)(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
Without jointed legs(worm like-earthworm/flatworm,not worm like-jelly fish/starfish/snail(Refer to intensive class notes)
-PLANTS: As for plants you read up about characteristics of monocotyledon and dicotyledon seed plants,dont forget to compare with non flowering plants too i.e with seeds-conifers and without seeds -ferns/mosses/algae(Refer to intensive class notes)
-NOTE: every year they love to ask you about question about local biodiversity plans/rules-set such as penalty/scenario for you to think(last year about timber logging) this year focus on current issue such as floods,release of hazards smokes to air,visit Malaysia-eco tourism,setting up national park/protection of our mangrove plants,our wetlands,mining activities,constructions,industrial,agricultural and rubbish disposal!!!!!(Refer to intensive class notes)

Chap 4: Interdependence of living organisms and the environment
Focus the relationship that exist i.e prey-predator,3 types of symbiosis and competition
-firstly pay attention to diagram about species,population,communities and its relationship with the environment(they may give u a diagram marked with X/Y/Z or forest or pond)
-compare difference between the relationship of prey-predator,symbiosis(paratism/mutualism/commensalism) and finally competition-get an example for each of these(Refer to intensive class notes)
-compare what are the advantages and disadvantages in biological control
-able to know food chain in a food web(Refer to intensive class notes)
-search for the experiment in bell jar,remember sodium hydroxide absorb Co2 while potassium bicarbonate release Co2 and the experiment to test starch in plants(Refer to intensive class notes)
-this chapter has a continuity from chapter 3 in reducing greehouse effect on earth ,by the process of photosynthesis when we grow plants it helps to reduce the Co2 in the atmosphere
-finally the effort to conserve and preserve done in Malaysia (check Chap 3 above)(Refer to intensive class notes)


Chap 5: Water & Solution
Focus on factors of evaporation and factors that increases solubility
In this chapter you focus on composition on water(H2O) and the experiment electrolysis(including the gases collected)(Ingat Cikgu Halia Seperti Orang Asli)
-difference between evaporation and boiling(Refer to intensive class notes)
-how to get a dilute/concentrated/saturated solution and rate of dissolving a solute
-you do some read up about difference between acid and alkali and the experiments
-FOCUS ON NEUTRALISATION!!!!!
-FOCUS ON METHOD ON WATER PURIFICATION(filtration/boiling/chlorination/UV light/distillation(Refer to intensive class notes)
-finally you focus on water treatment plant-there is a new term called Aeration(removing unpleasant odour/taste in water)
-this year water pollution is a hot topic in Malaysia-find out the cause of it?????????
(Refer to intensive class notes)

Chap 6: Air Pressure
Definition of air pressure and the factor causes it to increase
-Always remember pressure always move from high to low pressure area(Refer to intensive class notes)
-factor affecting pressure(volume of container decrease pressure increase,temperature increase pressure increase)(Refer to intensive class notes)
-they may ask you about drinking straw,dropper,spraying pump,siphon,syringe,rubber sucker,bunsen burner, filter pump,clearing block pipe and milk in tin cans(Refer to intensive class notes)

Chap 7: Dynamics
Focus on how dynamic affects our daily lifes.....
-firstly remember there are 8 types of force(Refer to intensive class notes)
-force change shape,size,speed,direction and stop a moving object
-focus on frictional force,it moves in opposite direction and has a magnitude(determined by types of surface-rough friction increase and weight increase friction increase)
-advantages of friction:stop/move and object,grip tight,produce music,climb(Refer to intensive class notes)
- disadvantages of it:make noise,wear and tear,waste energy,produce unnecessary heat(Refer to intensive class notes)
-how to reduce friction:using roller,grease,wheels,ball bearings,aerodynamic/streamlined shape in ships/trains/planes(Refer to intensive class notes)
-FINALLY YOU MUST!!!!! LEARN THE FORMULA OF WORK AND POWER

Work = Force(N) x Distance(m)(focus on people carrying object over a distance such as weight lifter/carrying bag/box up a stairs,lowering pail down(Refer to intensive class notes)

Power = Work ÷ Time(Refer to intensive class notes)

Chap 8: Support & Movement
Focus on factors causes support and movement i.e the difference between endoskeleton and exoskeleton(Refer to intensive class notes)
-endoskeleton made of bone/cartilage,exoskeleton made of chitin/calcium carbonate
-know how plants supports itself i.e woody plants-compact tissue-durian tree,herbaceous plants/non woody-depend of water turgidity-banana/yam,aquatic plants-have air sacs in the stems-water hyacinth(Refer to intensive class notes)
-then you move to types of roots:
i )Woody plants i.e buttress-rain tree/angsana,prop roots-mangrove
ii )Non woody i.e thorns/prickles-rose,tendirls-cucumber,clasping roots-pepper plant,aerial roots-maize
-malfunction of human supports system: they use walking stick,crutches,walking frame
-beached whales(ikan paus)-inability to roll itself back to the sea cause its bones to small to support its weight (Refer to intensive class concept maps)

Chap 9: Stability
Focus on factor causes stability such as height and area of base
-Remember two things centre of gravity(COG) and base area(BA)(Refer to intensive class notes)
-to be stable COG must be low and BA must be wide (Refer to intensive class notes)
-to find COG the method using a string called Plumb line is used(Refer to intensive class notes)
-they may give you an object/toys/human skeletal system/furniture/lab apparatus/buildings/towers/diagram and ask you to determined which is stable ,so follow the guideline given above here(Refer to intensive class notes)


Chap 10: Simple Machine
First you focus on how to identify the difference between :
FIRST CLASS -fulcrum in centre e.g pliers,crowbar,scissors,see saw,hammer(Refer to intensive class notes)
SECOND CLASS-load in centre e.g wheelbarrow,nutcracker,bottle opener,paper cutter,can opener(Refer to intensive class notes)
THIRD CLASS -effort in centre e.g ice tongs,human arm,fishing rod,broom,golf club(same as broom)((Refer to intensive class notes)

-Then you focus on these formula Load x Distance of Load = Force x Distance of force
(Refer to intensive class notes)

note: refer to my classes notes.......intensive class CONCEPT MAP!!!!

Good luck to all of you! Chaiyok ! Chaiyok ! Chaiyok !

SCIENCE FORM 1 TRIAL 2011 (ADVISE)

SCIENCE FORM 1
Form 1

Log in to my fb at www.facebook.com/Cikgu.Lee for a last minute advice

Jumpa kamu di kelas pengenalan 2011 nanti!

Chap 1: Introduction to Science
Focus on rules and regulations in lab,lab apparatus
-focus especially on rules regarding to health and safety such as acid,fire,explosives...etc
-they may ask you about hw to use apparatus pipette or burette(Refer to my intensive class notes)

Chap 2: Cell As a Basic Unit of Life
Focus on the difference between animal and plant cell,functions of cell label
-usage of microscopes and its labelling
-learn the functions of nucleus,vacuole,cell membrane,cell wall,chloroplast and cytoplasm
-Finally they may ask you about types of human cells(Refer to my intensive class notes)

Chap 3: Matter
Focus on characteristic of solid,liquid and gas i.e arrangement of particles ,movement and physical features in solid ,liquid and gas
-Just read up about volume,density(you must know the formula how to calculate)-archimedes principle of buoyancy-ability to float-remember this two examples submarines and hot air ballons(Refer to my intensive class notes)

Chap 4: The Variety of Resources on Earth
Focus what is ELEMENT,COMPOUND & MIXTURE (Refer to my intensive class notes)
-What is physical method(separating compound) , chemical method(separating mixture)

Chap 5: The Air Around Us
Focus on how to TEST O2,Co2 gasses and their characteristics
-read up about air pollution and their sources...sulphur dioxides/nitrogen dioxides(cause acid rain),CFC,pesticides,carbon monoxide,thining of oxone layer(Refer to my intensive class notes)
-focus also on how the authorities made Malaysia a clean air environment and safe for breathing

Chap 6: Sources of Energy
Definition of each type of energy
-You must know the difference between renewable and non renewable sources of energy..focus on sun,biomass and geothermal....(wind/wave or tidal/water dam comeout in exam already-but just read-up)(Refer to my intensive class notes)
-difference between land and sea breeze
-important to conserve energy

Chap 7: Heat
How conduction occurs,raidiation occurs and convention....they might give you a scenario to think about it
-what heat can do to solid,liquid and gas(Refer to my intensive class notes)

note: refer to my classes notes.......intensive class CONCEPT MAP!!!!

Good luck to all of you! Chaiyok ! Chaiyok ! Chaiyok !

Monday, September 6, 2010

SCIENCE FORM 5 SPM ADVISE (Part 1)

SCIENCE FORM 5

Form 5


Chap 1:

Focus on 5 types of microorganisms(m/o) (refer to my class notes)

-their labelling,habitat,nutrients they need,breed

-factors affecting the growth of m/o i.e nutrient,humidity,light,pH and Temperature

-USAGE ON M/O in this fields:(refer to my class notes)

(you also need to explain a bit with at least 2 examples ok?)

-food digestion(in herbivors or termites)

-food industry(bread/cakes/cookies etc)

-waste treatment(indah water/sewage etc)

-producing medicines(vitamis c,insulines etc)

-decaying process(living organisms decay etc)

-leather indutries(jutes,handbags etc

-Nitrogen fixing bacteira

-Composting

-DISEASES CAUSED BY M/O:(refer to my class notes)

-you need to remember at least 2 types of diseases then focus on way it spread,symptoms to patient and finally cured for it(refer to my notes early of this year)

-you also need to remember the methods of sterilisation such as Boiling,Antiseptics,Autoclave and Disinfectans

-remember the ways how diseases are transfered such as by vector of mosquitoes and fly(refer to my class notes)

-as far as immunity is concern firstly you learn about Natural and artificial immunity and then both the graph(focusin on the first and second dose of injection)


Chap 2:

Focus on factors affecting the calorific energy needed by a person.(refer to my class notes)

-Also focus nitrogen cycle including the types of bacteria involves such as nitrogen fixing bacteria,decaying bacteria,nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria

-food web(refer to my class notes)


Chap 3:

-sources of pollutions in Malaysia

-what are the ways to recycle and what can be recycled

-also focus on effects of pollutions and environmental pollution in Malaysia based on examples given(refer to my class notes)

-others such as thining of ozone layer,greenhouse effects and effects of CFC to ozone layer


Chap 4:

-Firstly you learn to identify the difference between organic and inorganic compounds(refer to my class notes)

-the types of hydrocarbons(refer my notes) i.e alkane CnH2n+2 and alkene CnH2n

-for alcohol you learn the names CnH2n + OH,how to prepare alcohol by using yeast and glucose solution,uses of alcohol

-effects of alcohol on human being

-the making of esher using Ethanol + organic acid +Sulphuric acid = ester + water(refer to my class notes)

-difference between saturated fats and non saturated fats

-Remember palm oil fruit label and the process of extraction of oil(refer to my class notes)

-process of making soap(refer to my class notes)using palm oil+concentrated sodium hydroxide and adding common salt(sodium chloride) solution into it,filtered it and you get soap

-also soap action on clothes(refer to my class notes)

-For natural polymers you study what is polymerisation and depolymerisation

-learn some examples of monomer transformed into polymers by natural way and non natural way

-know the function of ammonia(makes latex liquidified always),methanoic acid(coagulate latex) and carbon disulphide (melts latex)(refer to my class notes)

-know why and how vulcanisation are made and the effects of before and after vulcanisation


Chap 5:

Focus on the :

-you must knw how to draw the 4 stroke of engine petrol and diesel and their difference(refer to my class notes)

-knw each stage of the 4 stages what happen there i.e induction?,Compression?,Power? and Exhaust?

-principle of gear system(refer to my class notes)

-how to calculate Distance,speed and time including acceleration(refer to my class notes)

-refer to my notes concept map on types of inertia and momentum

-know the formula of conservation of momentum (refer to my class notes)

-the formula of pressure..remember 1 Nm-2 = 1 Pa

-the formula of hydraulic system(refer to my class notes)

Very Important!!!!!


Chap 6:

-will be explained in class later


Chap 7:

-will be explained in class later


Chap 8:

Will be thought to you later in class


note: refer to my classes notes.......intensive class CONCEPT MAP!!!!

SCIENCE FORM 4 SPM ADVISE (Part 1)

SCIENCE FORM 4

Form 4


Chap 1:

Focus on science process skill from identifying a problems till writting a report...exam may ask you about an experiment and write the science process skills as required.

-Note be prepared for plotting of graph of your experiment(refer to my classes notes)


Chap 2:

Focus on difference between nervous system and endocrine system,knowing what is periphereal nervous system and central nervous system(refer to my classes notes).

- You should also know how to label nervous systems i.e neuron motor,relay neuron or effector,white/grey matter and its functions(refer to my classes notes).

-Functions of cerebrum,cerebelum and medulla oblongata.

-Also focus on labelling endocrine system and their functions! . Drug/alcohol and its effects on human(refer to my classes notes)


Chap 3:

Firstly you learn to labell cells then you focus on difference between Mitosis and meiosis,you must knw hw to draw both as well,refer to my Intensif class notes.

-Also learn the Gregory Mendel cell division/Mendel's Law AC/AD/BC/BD (refer to my classes notes),remember sex determination is 50% - 50%.Finally the factor in extra chromosomes such as Albinism,Down's Syndrome,colour blindness and haemophilia(refer to my classes notes).


Chap 4:

Focus on particles changes from solid to liquid and to gass.

-Arrangement of particles,its energy and which remember what is endothermic(absorbed energy) and exothermic(release energy)(refer to my classes notes).

-learn what is Proton Number/Atom Number-how to calculate it(refer to my intensive class notes)(refer to my classes notes)

-learn what is nucleon number/mass number =(protons + neutrons)(refer to my classes notes)

-learn periodic table (refer intensive class on the coloring of periodic table)metal,semi metal,liquid,gas(refer to my classes notes)


Chap 5:

Focus on the :

-difference between physical and chemical changesremember what is endothermic(absorbed energy) and exothermic(release energy)-also refer Chap 4 for more info.....(refer to my classes notes)

-extraction of metals from its ores-learn and able to give examples such as tin and iron

-process of electrolysis of metals-learn and able to give examples such as aluminium and purifying of copper(refer to my classes notes)

note: cikgu akan terangkan lebih mendalam lagi dalam kelas intensif nanti......jangan ketinggalannya


Chap 6:

Focus on the (refer to my classes notes)

-examples of radioactive substances such as Carbon-14,Cobalt-60,Radium-226,Iodine-131,Uranium-238(refer to my classes notes)

-remember ALPHA rays can penetrate mica and a few sheets of paper only(refer to my classes notes)

-remember BETA rays can penetrate mica,a few sheets of paper and aluminium a few mm thick only(refer to my classes notes)

-remember GAMMA rays can penetrate mica,a few sheets of paper, aluminium a few mm thick and lead a few mm thick only(refer to my classes notes)

-also know that BETA ray attracted to positive(+) electrode(refer to my classes notes)

-also know that ALPHA ray attracted to negative(-) electrode(refer to my classes notes)

-know the difference between nuclear fission between neutron to Uranium-235

-know the difference between nuclear fussion(occuring in the sun):

i) Hydrogen + neutron = deuterium + radiations(refer to my classes notes)

ii)Hydrogen + deuterium = helium + radiations(refer to my classes notes)

note: cikgu akan terangkan lebih mendalam lagi dalam kelas intensif nanti......jangan ketinggalannya


Chap 7:

Focus on the type of images formed by lenses:(refer to my classes notes)

i)Images by using a convex lenses

ii)Images by using a concave lenses

-for both above focus on the object,its distances untill the optical centre and from images to the optical centre(refer to my classes notes)

-for each of the above(i & ii) has 3 different types-kamu kena hafal dan fahami lukisan objek dan ciri2 imejnya iaitu:(refer to my classes notes)

u < u =" f" u =" 2f"> 2f

note: cikgu akan terangkan lebih mendalam lagi dalam kelas intensif nanti......jangan ketinggalannya

-jangan ulangkaji sukatan tingkatan 2 iaitu longsightedness(guna convex lense) and shortsightedness(guna concave lense) serta cara mengatasinya(refer to my classes notes)

-colours of rainbow:ingat formula MJKHBIU-Mamak Jual Kacang Hijau Balik India Utara

-Also you must focus on Primary colours and secondary colours focusing especially on filtering and its effects on white colour when using different filters(blue/green/yellow/cyan)(refer to my classes notes)


Chap 8:

Will be thought to you later in class

note: cikgu akan terangkan lebih mendalam lagi dalam kelas intensif nanti......jangan ketinggalannya


note: refer to my classes notes.......intensive class CONCEPT MAP!!!!

SCIENCE FORM 3 ADVISE (Part 1 Final)

SCIENCE FORM 3
Form 3

log in to my fb at www.facebook.com/Cikgu.Lee for a last minute advice

Jumpa kamu di kelas pengenalan 2011 nanti!

Chap 1: Respiratory System
Focus on labelling of the human respiratory tract from nostrils till aveolous(rujuk nota kelas cikgu),process on inhaling(5 types of things i teach you),diseases causing lungs(Refer to my notes)
-they may ask you about hazards of smoking or campaign done by the authorities to combat smoking habbits in Malaysia-tak nak campaign?

Chap 2:Blood Circulatory and transport system
Focus on labelling on human heart,blood flow in and out of the heart,systemic and pulmonary circulation(Refer to my notes esp. the colouring i ask you to do)

Chap 3: Excretion
Focus on the labelling on human kidney,functions of kidney,BLOOD FLOW in and out of kidney

Chap 4: Reproduction
Focus everything ok!!!!! cikgu tahu kamu ini amat pandai topik ini he....he...he....

Chap 5: Growth
Focus on the GRAPH(Refer to my notes) between male and female on height and mass

Chap 6: Land and its Resources
Focus on the equation of how to produce metal oxide(Refer to my notes),metal sulphide(Refer to my notes) and metal carbonate(Refer to my notes),all about Calcium Carbonates and silicon(Refer to my notes)
-Finally they may ask you about the usage of Calcium(Refer to my notes) -just refer my notes will do...ok

Chap 7: Electricity
Just read up what i thought u since i started this chapter esp. difference between series and parallel circuit interms of current,voltage and resistance,dont forget how to test north/south in magnet,the right hand grip rule,drawing the mangnetic field,factors increasing the electromagetic power(Refer to my notes)

Chap 8:Generation of Electricity
Focus on the type of generators i jst thought u,formula for transformers(turn ratios) and finally calculation on electricity bill and these formulaes:
i)Power = energy/times
ii)Current= Power/voltage
iii)To calculate price of electric bills: use this formula
First you total up the energy used/given in the question
A. Energy=kWh e.g: 1.2kW x 3 hours x 30 days = 108 kWh
(Refer to my notes esp. the calculation i did with you)
Secondly you multiply what you get in A to the energy cost
B. Cost of energy consumptions= 108kWh x RM 0.20 = RM 21.60

Chap 9 Stars and Galaxies
This is an important topi they'll ask yearly.First you target the layer of the sun i.e begins with Corona,Chromosphere,photosphere..Then you understand others like Solar flares,solar wind,black spots/sun spots.
-Then you must remember 4 atoms of hydrogen fused to form 1 atom of helium that explode on the surface of the sun and this is called NUCLEAR FUSSION not fission(Refer to my notes)
-finally the death of a star the size of the sun/bigger than the sun becomming a neutron star/black hole(Refer to my notes)

Chap 10: Space Explorations
This chapter is important if you focuses on two aspect i.e the technology in space exploration and its benefits...(Refer to my notes) as for the history of space exploration(Refer to my notes) look at the pink highlight of important dates and its events taken place in that year i asked you to colour.....
-you should also know the difference between space probes,satelites,rockets ,space shuttles and space stations

note: refer to my classes notes.......intensive class CONCEPT MAP!!!!

Good luck to all of you! Chaiyok ! Chaiyok ! Chaiyok !

SCIENCE FORM 2 ADVISE (Part 1 Final)

SCIENCE FORM 2
Form 2

log in to my fb at www.facebook.com/Cikgu.Lee for a last minute advice

Jumpa kamu di kelas pengenalan 2011 nanti!

Chap 1: World through our senses
Focus on labelling of the 5 important organs,refraction(focus on movement of light from denser to less denser and vice versa)(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
-remember if light move from less denser to denser it refracts away from normal line
-remember if light move from denser to less denser it refracts towards the normal line
-Eye: first you focus on characteristics of the eye then the defects of eye i.e -
i )short sightedness:can see near only,image short,eyeball too long,improve using concave lense(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
ii)lont sightedness:can see far only,image long,eyeball too short,improve using convex lense(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
-know difference between stereoscopic/monocular vision
-Ear: focus on characteristic of sound and then how echo can be reduced(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
-Plants stimuli: you focus on the types of stimuli i.e phototropism,geotropism,hydrotropism,thigmotropism and nastic movement(Refer to intensive class concept maps)

Chap 2: Nutrition
Focus on functions of each of the 7 classes of food,food pyramid's arrangement(be prepared to draw if asked),
-First you focus on importance of food to human(know at least 4)
-As for Vitamins and minerals you need to know all (sorry no shortcut here)-the types,sources,functions and deficiency diseases.....(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
-Secondly the food test ,REMEMBER!! GB(Glucose-Benedict's) and PM(Protein-Millon's)
-Factors determined a persons diet(know all 6 of them)(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
-also learn how to calculate Calorific value( 1 Calorie(Cal) = 4.2 joules(j)
-Finally the routes/path food follow from the mouth till anus,along the way you should focus where starch/protein/fats are digested and finally water are reabsorbed(in big intestine),what is enzymes called amylase,pepsin,renin,lipase functions:remember this
Starch - amylase - maltose - glucose
Proteins - protease - peptides/peptones - protease - amino acids
Fats - lipase - fatty acids & glycerol
(Refer to intensive class concept maps)

Chap 3: Biodiversity
Focus on the different of biodiversity:begins by learning focusing on the basic difference between vertebrates and invertebrates(REMEMBER that few Mammals special exclusive characteristics such as platypus-lay eggs,whales/dolphins-live in water,procupine-have thorns and bats-can fly(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
-VERTEBRATES:This is a chapter where they may ask you abou a creatures with given characteristics,they u are asked either to identify another species in the list or determined which animals/pairs of animals are grouped correctly
-INVERTEBRATES:This part you focus on the 2 types of invertebrates i.e with jointed legs and without jointed legs
With jointed legs(3 pairs-fly/cricket,4 pairs-scorpion/spider,more than 4 pairs-centipede/prawn)(Refer to intensive class concept maps)
Without jointed legs(worm like-earthworm/flatworm,not worm like-jelly fish/starfish/snail(Refer to intensive class notes)
-PLANTS: As for plants you read up about characteristics of monocotyledon and dicotyledon seed plants,dont forget to compare with non flowering plants too i.e with seeds-conifers and without seeds -ferns/mosses/algae(Refer to intensive class notes)
-NOTE: every year they love to ask you about question about local biodiversity plans/rules-set such as penalty/scenario for you to think(last year about timber logging) this year focus on current issue such as floods,release of hazards smokes to air,visit Malaysia-eco tourism,setting up national park/protection of our mangrove plants,our wetlands,mining activities,constructions,industrial,agricultural and rubbish disposal!!!!!(Refer to intensive class notes)

Chap 4: Interdependence of living organisms and the environment
Focus the relationship that exist i.e prey-predator,3 types of symbiosis and competition
-firstly pay attention to diagram about species,population,communities and its relationship with the environment(they may give u a diagram marked with X/Y/Z or forest or pond)
-compare difference between the relationship of prey-predator,symbiosis(paratism/mutualism/commensalism) and finally competition-get an example for each of these(Refer to intensive class notes)
-compare what are the advantages and disadvantages in biological control
-able to know food chain in a food web(Refer to intensive class notes)
-search for the experiment in bell jar,remember sodium hydroxide absorb Co2 while potassium bicarbonate release Co2 and the experiment to test starch in plants(Refer to intensive class notes)
-this chapter has a continuity from chapter 3 in reducing greehouse effect on earth ,by the process of photosynthesis when we grow plants it helps to reduce the Co2 in the atmosphere
-finally the effort to conserve and preserve done in Malaysia (check Chap 3 above)(Refer to intensive class notes)


Chap 5: Water & Solution
Focus on factors of evaporation and factors that increases solubility
In this chapter you focus on composition on water(H2O) and the experiment electrolysis(including the gases collected)(Ingat Cikgu Halia Seperti Orang Asli)
-difference between evaporation and boiling(Refer to intensive class notes)
-how to get a dilute/concentrated/saturated solution and rate of dissolving a solute
-you do some read up about difference between acid and alkali and the experiments
-FOCUS ON NEUTRALISATION!!!!!
-FOCUS ON METHOD ON WATER PURIFICATION(filtration/boiling/chlorination/UV light/distillation(Refer to intensive class notes)
-finally you focus on water treatment plant-there is a new term called Aeration(removing unpleasant odour/taste in water)
-this year water pollution is a hot topic in Malaysia-find out the cause of it?????????
(Refer to intensive class notes)

Chap 6: Air Pressure
Definition of air pressure and the factor causes it to increase
-Always remember pressure always move from high to low pressure area(Refer to intensive class notes)
-factor affecting pressure(volume of container decrease pressure increase,temperature increase pressure increase)(Refer to intensive class notes)
-they may ask you about drinking straw,dropper,spraying pump,siphon,syringe,rubber sucker,bunsen burner, filter pump,clearing block pipe and milk in tin cans(Refer to intensive class notes)

Chap 7: Dynamics
Focus on how dynamic affects our daily lifes.....
-firstly remember there are 8 types of force(Refer to intensive class notes)
-force change shape,size,speed,direction and stop a moving object
-focus on frictional force,it moves in opposite direction and has a magnitude(determined by types of surface-rough friction increase and weight increase friction increase)
-advantages of friction:stop/move and object,grip tight,produce music,climb(Refer to intensive class notes)
- disadvantages of it:make noise,wear and tear,waste energy,produce unnecessary heat(Refer to intensive class notes)
-how to reduce friction:using roller,grease,wheels,ball bearings,aerodynamic/streamlined shape in ships/trains/planes(Refer to intensive class notes)
-FINALLY YOU MUST!!!!! LEARN THE FORMULA OF WORK AND POWER

Work = Force(N) x Distance(m)(focus on people carrying object over a distance such as weight lifter/carrying bag/box up a stairs,lowering pail down(Refer to intensive class notes)

Power = Work ÷ Time(Refer to intensive class notes)

Chap 8: Support & Movement
Focus on factors causes support and movement i.e the difference between endoskeleton and exoskeleton(Refer to intensive class notes)
-endoskeleton made of bone/cartilage,exoskeleton made of chitin/calcium carbonate
-know how plants supports itself i.e woody plants-compact tissue-durian tree,herbaceous plants/non woody-depend of water turgidity-banana/yam,aquatic plants-have air sacs in the stems-water hyacinth(Refer to intensive class notes)
-then you move to types of roots:
i )Woody plants i.e buttress-rain tree/angsana,prop roots-mangrove
ii )Non woody i.e thorns/prickles-rose,tendirls-cucumber,clasping roots-pepper plant,aerial roots-maize
-malfunction of human supports system: they use walking stick,crutches,walking frame
-beached whales(ikan paus)-inability to roll itself back to the sea cause its bones to small to support its weight (Refer to intensive class concept maps)

Chap 9: Stability
Focus on factor causes stability such as height and area of base
-Remember two things centre of gravity(COG) and base area(BA)(Refer to intensive class notes)
-to be stable COG must be low and BA must be wide (Refer to intensive class notes)
-to find COG the method using a string called Plumb line is used(Refer to intensive class notes)
-they may give you an object/toys/human skeletal system/furniture/lab apparatus/buildings/towers/diagram and ask you to determined which is stable ,so follow the guideline given above here(Refer to intensive class notes)


Chap 10: Simple Machine
First you focus on how to identify the difference between :
FIRST CLASS -fulcrum in centre e.g pliers,crowbar,scissors,see saw,hammer(Refer to intensive class notes)
SECOND CLASS-load in centre e.g wheelbarrow,nutcracker,bottle opener,paper cutter,can opener(Refer to intensive class notes)
THIRD CLASS -effort in centre e.g ice tongs,human arm,fishing rod,broom,golf club(same as broom)((Refer to intensive class notes)

-Then you focus on these formula Load x Distance of Load = Force x Distance of force
(Refer to intensive class notes)

note: refer to my classes notes.......intensive class CONCEPT MAP!!!!

Good luck to all of you! Chaiyok ! Chaiyok ! Chaiyok !